1.
Kamash Z. Archaeologies of Water in the Roman Near East: 63 BC-AD 636. Vol Gorgias Studies in Classical and Late Antiquity. Gorgias Press; 2013:7-14.
2.
Postgate JN. ‘Mesopotamia: The Land and the Life’ in Early Mesopotamia: Society and Economy at the Dawn of History. In: Early Mesopotamia: Society and Economy at the Dawn of History. Routledge; 1992:3-21.
3.
Pollock S. ‘Geographic Setting and Environment’ in Ancient Mesopotamia: The Eden That Never Was. In: Ancient Mesopotamia: The Eden That Never Was. Vol Case Studies in Early Societies. Cambridge University Press; 1999:28-44.
4.
Cordova CE. ‘The Degradation of the Ancient Near Eastern Environment’ in a Companion to the Ancient Near East. In: A Companion to the Ancient Near East. Vol Blackwell Companions to the Ancient World. Blackwell Pub; 2005:109-125.
5.
Cordova CE. ‘The Degradation of the Ancient Near Eastern Environment’ in a Companion to the Ancient Near East. In: A Companion to the Ancient Near East. Vol Blackwell companions to the ancient world. Blackwell Pub; 2005:109-125. http://ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.myilibrary.com?id=19868
6.
Wilkinson TJ. ‘The Environmental Context’ in Archaeological Landscapes of the Near East. In: Archaeological Landscapes of the Near East. University of Arizona Press; 2003:15-32.
7.
Kuhrt A. The Ancient Near East, c.3000-330 BC. Vol Routledge History of the Ancient World. Routledge; 1995.
8.
Leick G. Mesopotamia: The Invention of the City. Penguin; 2002.
9.
Podany AH. The Ancient Near East: A Very Short Introduction. Vol Very short introduction. Oxford University Press; 2014. http://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz397680090inh.htm
10.
Podany AH. The Ancient Near East: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press; 2013.
11.
Stein G. ‘The Political Economy of Mesopotamian Colonial Encounters’ in The Archaeology of Colonial Encounters: Comparative Perspectives. In: The Archaeology of Colonial Encounters: Comparative Perspectives. Vol School of American Research Advanced Seminar Series. 1st ed. School of American Research Press; 2005:143-172.
12.
Van de Mieroop M. A History of the Ancient Near East, Ca. 3000-323 B.C. 2nd Edition. Blackwell; 2007.
13.
Woolley L. Ur of the Chaldees: A Record of Seven Years of Excavation. Benn; 1929.
14.
Dalley S. Myths from Mesopotamia: Creation, The Flood, Gilgamesh and Others. Vol The World’s Classics. Oxford University Press; 1991.
15.
Pritchard JB, Albright WF. ‘Sumerian and Akkadian Myths, Including Gilgamesh’ in the Ancient Near East: Vol. 1: An Anthology of Texts and Pictures. In: The Ancient Near East: Vol. 1: An Anthology of Texts and Pictures. Princeton University Press; 1958.
16.
Bahrani Z. ‘Performativity and the Image: Narrative, Representation and the Uruk Vase’ in Leaving No Stones Unturned: Essays on the Ancient Near East and Egypt in Honor of Donald P. Hansen. In: Leaving No Stones Unturned: Essays on the Ancient Near East and Egypt in Honor of Donald P. Hansen. Eisenbaum; 2002:15-22.
17.
Collins S. The Standard of Ur. Vol Object in Focus. The British Museum; 2015.
18.
Edens C. ‘Dynamics of Trade in the Ancient Mesopotamian “World System”’ in American Anthropologist. American Anthropologist. 1992;94(1):118-139. doi:10.1525/aa.1992.94.1.02a00070
19.
Larsen MT. ‘Commercial Networks in the Ancient Near East’ in Centre and Periphery in the Ancient World. In: Centre and Periphery in the Ancient World. Vol New Directions in Archaeology. Cambridge University Press; 1987:47-56.
20.
Postgate JN. Early Mesopotamia: Society and Economy at the Dawn of History. Routledge; 1992.
21.
Pollock S. ‘Bureaucrats and Managers, Peasants and Pastoralists, Imperialists and Traders: Research on the Uruk and Jemdet Nasr Periods in Mesopotamia’ in Journal of World Prehistory. Journal of World Prehistory. 1992;6(3):297-336. doi:10.1007/BF00980430
22.
Pollock S. Ancient Mesopotamia: The Eden That Never Was. Vol Case Studies in Early Societies. Cambridge University Press; 1999.
23.
Reade J. Mesopotamia. Published for the Trustees of the British Museum by British Museum Press; 1991.
24.
Matthews R. The Archaeology of Mesopotamia: Theories and Approaches. Vol Approaching the Ancient World. Routledge; 2003.
25.
Rothman MS. Uruk Mesopotamia & Its Neighbors: Cross-Cultural Interactions in the Era of State Formation. Vol School of American Research Advanced Seminar Series. 1st ed. School of American Research Press; 2001.
26.
Van de Mieroop M. ‘The Origins and the Character of the Mesopotamian City’ in the Ancient Mesopotamian City. In: The Ancient Mesopotamian City. [New ed.]. Oxford University Press; 1997:23-41.
27.
Wengrow D. ‘“The Changing Face of Clay”: Continuity and Change in the Transition From Village to Urban Life in the Near East’ in Antiquity. Antiquity. 72(278):783-795. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00087378
28.
Kuhrt A. The Ancient Near East, c.3000-330 BC. Vol Routledge history of the Ancient World. Routledge; 1995.
29.
Leick G. Mesopotamia: The Invention of the City. Penguin; 2002.
30.
Podany AH. The Ancient Near East: A Very Short Introduction. Vol Very short introduction. Oxford University Press; 2014.
31.
Podany AH. The Ancient Near East: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press; 2013.
32.
Van de Mieroop M. A History of the Ancient Near East, Ca. 3000-323 B.C. 2nd Edition. Blackwell; 2007.
33.
Reade J. Assyrian Sculpture. British Museum; 1983.
34.
Bahrani Z. Women of Babylon: Gender and Representation in Mesopotamia. Routledge; 2001.
35.
Baker H. From Street Altar to Palace: Reading the Built Environment of Urban Babylonia. In: The Oxford Handbook of Cuneiform Culture. Vol Oxford handbooks. Oxford University Press; 2011:533-552. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199557301.001.0001
36.
Baker H. ‘From Street Altar to Palace: Reading the Built Environment of Urban Babylonia’ in The Oxford Handbook of Cuneiform Culture. In: The Oxford Handbook of Cuneiform Culture. Oxford University Press; 2011:533-552. http://ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199557301.001.0001
37.
Curtis J. New Light on Nimrud: Proceedings of the Nimrud Conference 11th-13th March 2002. British Institute for the Study of Iraq, in association with the British Museum; 2008.
38.
Dalley S. The Mystery of the Hanging Garden of Babylon: An Elusive World Wonder Traced. Oxford University Press; 2015.
39.
Dalley S. ‘Temple Building in the Ancient Near East: A Synthesis and Reflection’ in From the Foundations to the Crenellations. Essays on Temple Building in the Ancient Near East and Hebrew Bible. In: From the Foundations to the Crenellations: Essays on Temple Building in the Ancient Near East and Hebrew Bible. Vol Alter Orient und Altes Testament. Ugarit-Verlag; 2010:239-254.
40.
Dalley S, Oleson JP. ‘Sennacherib, Archimedes, and the Water Screw: The Context of Invention in the Ancient World’ in Technology and Culture. Technology and Culture. 2003;44(1):1-26. http://www.jstor.org/stable/25148052?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
41.
Layard AH. Nineveh and Its Remains: With an Account of a Visit to the Chaldaean Christians of Kurdistan, and the Yezidis, or Devil-Worshipers ; and an Enquiry Into the Manners and Arts of the Ancient Assyrians. 2nd ed. Murray; 1849.
42.
Oates J. Babylon. Vol Ancient peoples and places. Rev. ed. Thames and Hudson; 1986.
43.
Pritchard JB, Albright WF. The Ancient Near East: Vol. 1: An Anthology of Texts and Pictures. Princeton University Press; 1958.
44.
Roux G. Ancient Iraq. Vol Penguin history. 3rd ed., New ed. Penguin Books; 1992.
45.
Van der Speck RJ. ‘The Babylonian City’ in Hellenism in the East: The Interaction of Greek and Non-Greek Civilizations From Syria to Central Asia After Alexander. In: Hellenism in the East: The Interaction of Greek and Non-Greek Civilizations From Syria to Central Asia After Alexander. Duckworth; 1987:57-75.
46.
Collins P. From Egypt to Babylon: The International Age 1550-500 BC. Harvard University Press; 2008.
47.
Atac MA. The Mythology of Kingship in Neo-Assyrian Art. Cambridge University Press; 2014.
48.
Larsen MT. The Conquest of Assyria: Excavations in an Antique Land, 1840-1860. Routledge; 1996.
49.
Marcus MI. ‘Geography as Visual Ideology: Landscape, Knowledge, and Power in Neo-Assyrian Art’ in Neo-Assyrian Geography. In: Neo-Assyrian Geography. Vol Università Di Roma ‘La Sapienza’. ; 1995:193-202.
50.
Kreppner J. ‘Public Space in Nature: The Case of Neo-Assyrian Rock-Reliefs’ in Altorientalische Forschungen. Published online 2002:367-383. http://www.academia.edu/6118357/_Public_Space_in_Nature_The_Case_of_Neo-Assyrian_Rock-Reliefs_Altorientalische_Forschungen_AoF_29_2_2002_367-383
51.
Stronach D. ‘Village to Metropolis: Nineveh and the Beginnings of Urbanism in Northern Mesopotamia,’ in Nuove Fondazioni Nel Vicino Oriente Antico: Realta E Ideologia. In: Nuove Fondazioni Nel Vicino Oriente Antico: Realta E Ideologia. ; 1994:85-114.
52.
Moorey PRS. ‘Building in Stone’ in Ancient Mesopotamian Materials and Industries. In: Ancient Mesopotamian Materials and Industries. ; 1994:335-347.
53.
‘Babylon Revisited: Archaeology and Philology in Harness’ in Antiquity. Antiquity. 1993;67(257):734-746.
54.
Kuhrt A. ‘The Palace(s) of Babylon,’ in The Royal Palace Institution in the First Millennium B.C.: Regional Development and Cultural Interchange Between East and West. In: The Royal Palace Institution in the First Millennium B.C.: Regional Development and Cultural Interchange Between East and West. Vol Monographs of the Danish Institute at Athens. ; 2001:77-94.
55.
Novák M. ‘The Artificial Paradise: Programme and Ideology of Royal Gardens’ in Sex and Gender in the Ancient Near East. In: Sex and Gender in the Ancient Near East. Vol The Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project, Part II. ; 2002:443-460.
56.
Dalley S. ‘Nineveh, Babylon and the Hanging Gardens: Cuneiform and Classical Sources Reconciled’ in Iraq. Iraq. 1994;56. doi:10.2307/4200384
57.
Stronach D. ‘The Garden as a Political Statement: Some Case Studies from the Near East in the First Millennium B.C.’ in Bulletin of the Asia Institute. Bulletin of the Asia Institute. 1990;4:171-180. http://librarysearch.rhul.ac.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/display.do?tabs=detailsTab&ct=display&fn=search&doc=TN_jstor_archive_1424048359&indx=1&recIds=TN_jstor_archive_1424048359&recIdxs=0&elementId=0&renderMode=poppedOut&displayMode=full&frbrVersion=&frbg=&&dscnt=0&scp.scps=scope%3A%2844ROY%29%2C44ROY_EbscoLocal%2Cprimo_central_multiple_fe&tb=t&mode=Basic&vid=44ROY_VU2&srt=rank&tab=tab1&dum=true&vl(freeText0)=The%20garden%20as%20a%20political%20statement%3A%20some%20case%20studies%20from%20the%20Near%20East%20in%20the%20First%20Millennium%20B.C&dstmp=1473327651783
58.
Kuhrt A. The Ancient Near East, c.3000-330 BC. Vol Routledge history of the Ancient World. Routledge; 1995.
59.
Boardman J. Persia and the West: An Archaeological Investigation of the Genesis of Achaemenid Persian Art. Thames & Hudson; 2000.
60.
Butcher K. Roman Syria and the Near East. British Museum; 2003.
61.
Curtis J, Tallis N, And́́́́ré-Salvini B. Forgotten Empire: The World of Ancient Persia. University of California Press; 2005.
62.
Kuhrt A, Sherwin-White S. Hellenism in the East: The Interaction of Greek and Non-Greek Civilizations From Syria to Central Asia After Alexander. Duckworth; 1987.
63.
Van de Mieroop M. A History of the Ancient Near East, Ca. 3000-323 B.C. 2nd Edition. Blackwell; 2007.
64.
Magness J. The Archaeology of the Holy Land: From the Destruction of Solomon’s Temple to the Muslim Conquest. Cambridge University Press; 2012.
65.
Seyrig H. Seleucus I and the Foundation of Hellenistic Syria. In: Scripta Varia: Mélanges D’archéologie Et D’histoire. Vol Bibliothèque Archéologique Et Historique. Libr. Orientaliste P. Geuthner; 1985:335-346.
66.
Allen L. ‘Le Roi Imaginaire: An Audience With the Achaemenid King’ in Imaginary Kings: Royal Images in the Ancient Near East, Greece and Rome. In: Imaginary Kings: Royal Images in the Ancient Near East, Greece and Rome. Vol Oriens Et Occidens. Franz Steiner Verlag; 2005:39-62.
67.
Curtis J, Simpson SJ. The World of Achaemenid Persia: History, Art and Society in Iran and the Ancient Near East. I.B.Tauris; 2010.
68.
Curtis J, Simpson SJ. The World of Achaemenid Persia: History, Art and Society in Iran and the Ancient Near East. I. B. Tauris; 2010. https://ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=Holloway&isbn=9786000042455&uid=^u
69.
Miller MC. Athens and Persia in the Fifth Century BC: A Study in Cultural Receptivity. Cambridge University Press; 1997.
70.
Collins P. From Egypt to Babylon: The International Age 1550-500 BC. Harvard University Press; 2008.
71.
Grainger JD. The Cities of Seleukid Syria. Clarendon; 1990.
72.
Grainger JD. Hellenistic Phoenicia. Clarendon; 1991.
73.
Sartre M. D’Alexandre À Zénobie: Histoire Du Levant Antique, IVe Siècle Avant J.-C.-IIIe Siècle Après J.-C. Fayard; 2001.
74.
Graf D. ‘Hellenisation and the Decapolis’ in Aram. Aram. 1992;4:1-48.
75.
Sullivan RD. Near Eastern Royalty and Rome, 100-30 BC. Vol Phoenix. University of Toronto Press; 1990.
76.
McKenzie J. The Architecture of Petra. Vol British Academy monographs in archaeology. Oxford University Press for the British Academy, the British School of Archaeology in Jeusalem and the British Institute at Amman for Archaeology and History; 1990.
77.
Browning I. Petra. Chatto and Windus; 1973.
78.
Hammond PC. The Nabataeans: Their History, Culture and Archaeology. Vol Studies in Mediterranean Archaeology. P. Åström (S. Vägen 61); 1973.
79.
Ball W. Rome in the East: The Transformation of an Empire. Routledge; 2001.
80.
Ball W. Rome in the East: The Transformation of an Empire. Routledge; 2000. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=165396
81.
Butcher K. Roman Syria and the Near East. British Museum; 2003.
82.
Millar F. The Roman Near East, 31 B.C.-A.D. 337. Harvard University Press; 1993.
83.
Millar F. The Euphrates and Mesopotamia. In: The Roman Near East, 31 B.C.-A.D. 337. Harvard University Press; 1993:437-488. http://ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01455
84.
Magness J. The Archaeology of the Holy Land: From the Destruction of Solomon’s Temple to the Muslim Conquest. Cambridge University Press; 2012.
85.
Keaveney A. The King and the War-Lords: Romano-Parthian Relations Circa 64-53 B.C. The American Journal of Philology. 1982;103(4):412-428. doi:10.2307/294519
86.
Potter DS. Senatus Consultum De Gn Pisone. Journal of Roman Archaeology. 1998;11:437-457. doi:10.1017/s1047759400017487
87.
Hammond M. ‘Corbulo and Nero’s Eastern Policy’ in Harvard Studies in Classical Philology. Harvard Studies in Classical Philology. 1934;45:81-104. doi:10.2307/310632
88.
Braund D. Rome and the Friendly King: The Character of the Client Kingship. Croom Helm; 1984.
89.
Sullivan RD. Near Eastern Royalty and Rome, 100-30 BC. Vol Phoenix. University of Toronto Press; 1990.
90.
Jones AHM. The Herods of Judaea. Clarendon; 1938.
91.
Kokkinos N. The Herodian Dynasty: Origins, Role in Society and Eclipse. Spink; 2010.
92.
Hammond PC. The Nabataeans: Their History, Culture and Archaeology. Vol Studies in Mediterranean Archaeology. P. Åström (S. Vägen 61); 1973.
93.
Bowersock GW. Roman Arabia. Harvard University Press; 1983.
94.
Roller DW. The Building Program of Herod the Great. University of California Press; 1998.
95.
McKenzie J. The Architecture of Petra. Vol British Academy Monographs in Archaeology. Oxford University Press for the British Academy, the British School of Archaeology in Jeusalem and the British Institute at Amman for Archaeology and History; 1990.
96.
Browning I. Petra. Chatto and Windus; 1973.
97.
Williamson GA, Smallwood EM. Josephus: The Jewish War. Vol Penguin Classics. Rev. ed., With New Introduction, Notes and Appendixes, by E. Mary Smallwood. Penguin; 1981.
98.
Goodman M. The Ruling Class of Judaea: The Origins of the Jewish Revolt Against Rome A.D. 66-70. Cambridge University Press; 1987.
99.
Yadin Y. Masada: Herod’s Fortress and the Zealot’s Last Stand. Random House; 1966.
100.
Magness J. The Archaeology of the Holy Land: From the Destruction of Solomon’s Temple to the Muslim Conquest. Cambridge University Press; 2012.
101.
Butcher K. Roman Syria and the Near East. British Museum; 2003.
102.
Ball W. Rome in the East: The Transformation of an Empire. Routledge; 2001.
103.
Ball W. Rome in the East: The Transformation of an Empire. Routledge; 2000. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=165396
104.
Butcher K. Roman Syria and the Near East. British Museum; 2003.
105.
Millar F. The Roman Coloniae of the Near East: A Study of Cultural Relations. In: Roman Eastern Policy and Other Studies in Roman History: Proceedings of a Colloquium at Tvr̃minne, 2-3 October 1987. Vol Commentationes Humanarum Litterarum. Finnish Society of Sciences and Letters; 1990:7-58.
106.
Raja R. Urban Development and Regional Identity in the Eastern Roman Provinces, 50 BC-AD 250: Aphrodisias, Ephesos, Athens, Gerasa. Museum Tusculanum Press; 2012.
107.
Downey SB. The Transformation of Seleucid Dura-Europos. In: Romanization and the City: Creation, Transformations, and Failures: Proceedings of a Conference Held at the American Academy in Rome to Celebrate the 50th Anniversary of the Excavations at Cosa, 14-16 May, 1998. Vol Journal of Roman Archaeology Supplementary Series. Journal of Roman Archaeology; 2000:155-172.
108.
Segal A. Roman Cities in the Province of Arabia. Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians. 1981;40(2):108-121. doi:10.2307/989724
109.
Mattingly DJ, Alcock SE. Dialogues in Roman Imperialism: Power, Discourse and Discrepant Experience in the Roman Empire. Vol Journal of Roman Archaeology Supplementary Series. JRA; 1997.
110.
Mattingly DJ. ‘Vulgar and Weak Romanization, or Time for a Paradigm Shift’ in Journal of Roman Archaeology. Journal of Roman Archaeology. 2002;15:536-540. doi:10.1017/s1047759400014355
111.
Mattingly DJ. ‘Being Roman: Expressing Identity in a Provincial Setting’ in Journal of Roman Archaeology. Journal of Roman Archaeology. 2004;17:5-25.
112.
Fentress E, Alcock S. Romanization and the City: Creation, Transformations, and Failures: Proceedings of a Conference Held at the American Academy in Rome to Celebrate the 50th Anniversary of the Excavations at Cosa, 14-16 May, 1998. Vol Journal of Roman Archaeology Supplementary Series. Journal of Roman Archaeology; 2000.
113.
Hingley R. Globalizing Roman Culture: Unity, Diversity and Empire. Routledge; 2005.
114.
Champion CB. Roman Imperialism: Readings and Sources. Vol Interpreting Ancient History. Blackwell Publishing; 2004.
115.
Andrade NJ. Syrian Identity in the Greco-Roman World. Vol Greek Culture in the Roman World. Cambridge University Press; 2013.
116.
Jones AHM, Avi-Yonah M. The Cities of the Eastern Roman Provinces. 2nd ed., Revised by Michael Avi-Yonah ... (Et al.). Clarendon; 1971.
117.
Isaac BH. The Limits of Empire: The Roman Army in the East. Rev. ed. Clarendon; 1993.
118.
Isaac BH. The Limits of Empire: The Roman Army in the East. Clarendon Press; 2000. http://ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01481
119.
Rykwert J. The Idea of a Town: The Anthropology of Urban Form in Rome, Italy and the Ancient World. Vol Faber finds. Faber and Faber; 2010.
120.
Smith AM. Roman Palmyra: Identity, Community, and State Formation. Oxford University Press; 2013.
121.
Butcher K. Roman Syria and the Near East. British Museum; 2003.
122.
Millar F. The Roman Near East, 31 B.C.-A.D. 337. Harvard University Press; 1993.
123.
Millar F. The Euphrates and Mesopotamia. In: The Roman Near East, 31 B.C.-A.D. 337. Harvard University Press; 1993:437-488. http://ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01455
124.
Ball W. Rome in the East: The Transformation of an Empire. Routledge; 2001.
125.
Ball W. Rome in the East: The Transformation of an Empire. Routledge; 2000. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=165396
126.
Butcher K. Roman Syria and the Near East. British Museum; 2003.
127.
Segal A. From Function to Monument: Urban Landscapes of Roman Palestine, Syria, and Provincia Arabia. Vol Oxbow monograph. Oxbow Books; 1997.
128.
Barañski M. ‘The Great Colonade of Palmyra Reconsidered’ in ARAM Periodical. ARAM Periodical. 1995;7(1):37-46. doi:10.2143/ARAM.7.1.2002216
129.
Balty JCh. ‘Apamea in Syria in the Second and Third Centuries A.D.’ in Journal of Roman Studies. Journal of Roman Studies. 1988;78:91-104. doi:10.2307/301452
130.
Ward-Perkins JB, Boëthius A. Roman Imperial Architecture. Vol The Pelican History of Art. 2nd (integrated) ed. Penguin; 1981.
131.
MacDonald WL. The Architecture of the Roman Empire: 2: An Urban Appraisal. Vol Yale Publications in the History of Art. Yale University Press; 1986.
132.
Magness J. The Archaeology of the Holy Land: From the Destruction of Solomon’s Temple to the Muslim Conquest. Cambridge University Press; 2012.
133.
Grainger JD. The Cities of Seleukid Syria. Clarendon; 1990.
134.
Browning I. Palmyra. Chatto and Windus; 1979.
135.
Browning I. Jerash and the Decapolis. Chatto & Windus; 1982.
136.
Browning I. Petra. Chatto and Windus; 1973.
137.
McKenzie J. The Architecture of Petra. Vol British Academy Monographs in Archaeology. Oxford University Press for the British Academy, the British School of Archaeology in Jeusalem and the British Institute at Amman for Archaeology and History; 1990.
138.
Holum KG, Hohlfelder RL, Bull RJ, Raban A. King Herod’s Dream: Caesarea on the Sea. 1st ed. Norton; 1988.
139.
Hopkins C, Goldman B. The Discovery of Dura-Europos. Yale University Press; 1979.
140.
Kennedy DL. Gerasa and the Decapolis: A ‘Virtual Island’ in Northwest Jordan. Vol Duckworth Debates in Archaeology. Duckworth; 2007.
141.
Kennedy DL. Gerasa and the Decapolis: A ‘Virtual Island’ in Northwest Jordan. Vol Duckworth debates in archaeology. Duckworth; 2007. http://ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/login?url=http://lib.myilibrary.com?id=615839
142.
Foerster G, Tsafrir Y. ‘The Beth-She’an Excavations Project 1988-91’ in Excavations and Surveys in Israel. Excavations and Surveys in Israel. 1993;11:3-32.
143.
Kondoleon C. Antioch: The Lost Ancient City. Princeton University Press; 2000.
144.
Segal A. Theatres in Roman Palestine and Provincia Arabia. Vol Mnemosyne. Brill; 1995.
145.
Clark V. ‘The Jerash North Theatre: Architecture and Archaeology 1982-1983’ in Jerash Archaeological Project. In: Jerash Archaeological Project. Geuthner; 1986:205-302. https://www.worldcat.org/title/jerash-archaeological-project-1-1981-1983/oclc/159892340&referer=brief_results
146.
Porath Y. ‘Herod’s “Amphitheatre” at Caesarea: A Multi-Purpose Entertainment Building’ in The Roman and Byzantine Near East: Some Recent Archaeological Research. In: The Roman and Byzantine Near East: Some Recent Archaeological Research. Vol Journal of Roman Archaeology Supplementary Series. Journal of Roman Archaeology; 1995:15-27.
147.
Kamash Z. Archaeologies of Water in the Roman Near East: 63 BC-AD 636. Vol Gorgias studies in classical and late antiquity. Gorgias Press; 2013.
148.
Hoss S. Baths and Bathing: The Culture of Bathing and the Baths and Thermae in Palestine From the Hasmoneans to the Moslem Conquest, With an Appendix on Jewish Rituals Baths (Miqva’ot). Vol BAR International series. Archaeopress; 2005.
149.
Hirschfeld Y. The Roman Baths of Hammat Gader: Final Report. Israel Exploration Society; 1997.
150.
Hirschfeld Y, Boas A. Ramat Hanadiv Excavations: Final Report of the 1984-1998 Seasons. Israel Exploration Society; 2000.
151.
Butcher K. Roman Syria and the Near East. British Museum; 2003.
152.
Ball W. Rome in the East: The Transformation of an Empire. Routledge; 2001.
153.
Ball W. Rome in the East: The Transformation of an Empire. Routledge; 2000. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=165396
154.
Butcher K. Roman Syria and the Near East. British Museum; 2003.
155.
Dunbabin KMD. Mosaics of the Greek and Roman World. Cambridge University Press; 1999.
156.
Fischer M. ‘Figured Capitals in Roman Palestine: Marble Imports and Local Stone. Some Aspects of “Imperial” and “Provincial” Art’ in Palestine Exploration Quarterly. Palestine Exploration Quarterly. 1989;121(2):112-132.
157.
Perkins AL. The Art of Dura-Europos. Clarendon Press; 1973.
158.
Colledge MAR. The Art of Palmyra. Vol Studies in Ancient Art and Archaeology. Thames and Hudson; 1976.
159.
Vermeule C. ‘The Sculpture of Roman Syria’ in Antioch: The Lost Ancient City. In: Antioch: The Lost Ancient City. Princeton University Press; 2000:91-104.
160.
Kondoleon C. Mosaics of Antioch. In: Antioch: The Lost Ancient City. Princeton University Press; 2000:63-78.
161.
Millar F. Narrative and Identity in Mosaics From the Late Roman Near East: Pagan, Jewish and Christian. In: The Sculptural Environment of the Roman Near East: Reflections on Culture, Ideology, and Power. Vol Interdisciplinary Studies in Ancient Culture and Religion. Peeters; 2008:225-256.
162.
McKenzie J. The Architecture of Petra. Vol British Academy Monographs in Archaeology. Oxford University Press for the British Academy, the British School of Archaeology in Jeusalem and the British Institute at Amman for Archaeology and History; 1990.
163.
Schmidt-Colinet A. East and West in Palmyrene Pattern Books. Annales archéologiques arabes syriennes Revue d’archéologie et d’histoire - Damas. 1996;42:417-423. https://www.rechercheisidore.fr/search/resource/?uri=10670/1.sp4vf2
164.
Weber T. A Survey of Roman Sculpture in the Decapolis. Preliminary Report [open access]. Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan. Published online 1990:351-355. http://publication.doa.gov.jo/Publications/ViewChapterPublic/1700
165.
Doumet-Serhal C, Gage JC, Matḥaf Bayrūt. Stones and Creed: 100 Artefacts [Sic] From Lebanon’s Antiquity. Directorate General of Antiquities; 1998.
166.
Friedland EA. ‘Graeco-Roman Sculpture in the Levant: The Marbles From the Sanctuary of Pan at Caesarea Philippi (Banias)’ in The Roman and Byzantine Near East Volume 2. In: The Roman and Byzantine Near East : Volume 2. Journal of Roman Archaeology; 1999:7-22.
167.
Tanabe K. Sculptures of Palmyra, I. The Ancient Orient Museum; 1986. https://www.worldcat.org/title/sculptures-of-palmyra-i/oclc/492914272&referer=brief_results
168.
Brinkerhoff DM. A Collection of Sculpture in Classical and Early Christian Antioch. Pennsylvania State University Press; 1985.
169.
Brinkerhoff DM. A Collection of Sculpture in Classical and Early Christian Antioch. Vol Monographs on Archaeology and fine arts. Published by New York University Press for the College Art Association of America; 1970. http://ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.06127
170.
Basgelen N, Ergeç R. A Last Look at History: Belkıs/Zeugma, Halfeti, Rumkale. Archaeology and Art Publications; 2000.
171.
Balty J. Mosaïques Antiques De Syrie. Centre Belge De Recherches Archéologiques À Apamée De Syrie; 1977. https://www.worldcat.org/title/mosaiques-antiques-de-syrie/oclc/6305313&referer=brief_results
172.
Balty J. Mosaq̐ues Antiques Du Proche-Orient: Chronologie, Iconographie, Interprťation. Vol Centre de recherches d’histoire ancienne. Les Belles Lettres; 1995.
173.
Piccirillo M. Mosaics of Jordan. American Center of Oriental Research; 1993.
174.
Campbell SD. The Mosaics of Antioch. Vol Subsidia Mediaevalia. Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies; 1988.
175.
Campbell S, Ergeç R, Csapo E. ‘New Mosaics’ in The Twin Towns of Zeugma on the Euphrates: Rescue Work and Historical Studies. In: The Twin Towns of Zeugma on the Euphrates: Rescue Work and Historical Studies. Vol Journal of Roman Archaeology Supplementary Series. Journal of Roman Archaeology; 1998:109-128.
176.
Dothan M. Hammath Tiberias: Early Synagogues and the Hellenistic and Roman Remains. Vol Ancient Synagogues Studies. Israel Exploration Society; 1983.
177.
Butcher K. Roman Syria and the Near East. British Museum; 2003.
178.
Butcher K. Roman Syria and the Near East. British Museum; 2003.
179.
Kamash Z. Archaeologies of Water in the Roman Near East: 63 BC-AD 636. Vol Gorgias studies in classical and late antiquity. Gorgias Press; 2013.
180.
Kamash Z. ‘Irrigation Technology, Society and Environment in the Roman Near East’ in Journal of Arid Environments. Journal of Arid Environments. 2012;86:65-74. doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2012.02.002
181.
Tate G. The Syrian Countryside During the Roman Era. In: The Early Roman Empire in the East. Vol Oxbow Monograph. Oxbow; 1997:55-71.
182.
Hirschfeld Y. Jewish Rural Settlement in Judaea in the Early Roman Period. In: The Early Roman Empire in the East. Vol Oxbow Monograph. Oxbow; 1997:72-88.
183.
Hirschfeld Y. Farms and Villages in Byzantine Palestine. Dumbarton Oaks Papers. 1997;51:33-71. doi:10.2307/1291761
184.
Foss C. The Near Eastern Countryside in Late Antiquity: A Review Article. In: The Roman and Byzantine Near East: Some Recent Archaeological Research. Vol Journal of Roman Archaeology Supplementary Series. Journal of Roman Archaeology; 1995:213-234.
185.
Frankel R. Presses for Oil and Wine in the Southern Levant in the Byzantine Period. Dumbarton Oaks Papers. 1997;51:73-84. doi:10.2307/1291762
186.
Decker M. Food for an Empire: Wine and Oil Production in North Syria. In: Economy and Exchange in the East Mediterranean During Late Antiquity: Proceedings of a Conference at Somerville College, Oxford, 29th May 1999. Oxbow; 2001:69-86.
187.
Barker G, Gilbertson D, Mattingly D. Archaeology and Desertification: The Wadi Faynan Landscape Survey, Southern Jordan. Vol Wadi Faynan Series. Council for British Research in the Levant; 2007.
188.
Cameron A, King GRD. The Byzantine and Early Islamic Near East: Papers, Vol. 2: Land Use and Settlement Patterns. Vol Studies in Late Antiquity and Early Islam. Darwin; 1994.
189.
Dar S. Settlements and Cult Sites on Mount Hermon, Israel: Ituraean Culture in the Hellenistic and Roman Periods. Vol British Archaeological Reports International Series. Tempus Reparatum; 1993.
190.
Rossiter JJ. Roman Villas of the Greek East and the Villa in Gregory of Nyssa Ep. 20. Journal of Roman Archaeology. 1989;2:101-110. doi:10.1017/S1047759400010321
191.
Broshi M. Agriculture and Economy in Roman Palestine: Seven Notes on the Babatha Archive. Israel Exploration Journal. 1992;42(3):230-240. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27926273
192.
Liebeschuetz JHGW, Kennedy H. Antioch and the Villages of Northern Syria in the Fifth and Sixth Centuries AD: Trends and Problems. Nottingham Mediaeval Studies. 1988;32:65-90.
193.
Decker M. Tilling the Hateful Earth: Agricultural Production and Trade in the Late Antique East. Vol Oxford studies in Byzantium. Oxford University Press; 2009.
194.
Beck AR, Philip G. ‘The Archaeological Exploitation of Declassified Satellite Photography in Semi-arid Environments’ in Archaeology from Historical Aerial and Satellite Archives. In: Hanson WS, Oltean IA, eds. Archaeology from Historical Aerial and Satellite Archives. Springer; 2013:261-278.
195.
Beck AR, Philip G. The Archaeological Exploitation of Declassified Satellite Photography in Semi-arid Environments. In: Archaeology From Historical Aerial and Satellite Archives. ; 2012:261-278. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=994321
196.
Dauphin CM, Gibson S. ‘Ancient Settlements and Their Landscape: The Results of Ten Years of Survey on the Golan Heights (1978-1988)’ in Bulletin of the Anglo-Israel Archaeological Society. Bulletin of the Anglo-Israel Archaeological Society. 1992;12:7-31.
197.
Schwartz GM, Curvers HH, Gerritsen FA, MacCormack JA, Miller NF, Weber JA. ‘Excavation and Survey in the Jabbul Plain, Western Syria: The Umm el-Marra Project 1996-1997’ in American Journal of Archaeology. American Journal of Archaeology. 2000;104(3):419-462. doi:10.2307/507225
198.
Butcher K. Roman Syria and the Near East. British Museum; 2003.
199.
Butcher K. Roman Syria and the Near East. British Museum; 2003.
200.
Kamash Z. Archaeologies of Water in the Roman Near East: 63 BC-AD 636. Vol Gorgias studies in classical and late antiquity. Gorgias Press; 2013.
201.
Matthews JF. The Tax Law of Palmyra: Evidence for Economic History in a City of the Roman East. Journal of Roman Studies. 1984;74:157-180. doi:10.2307/299013
202.
Heichelheim FL. Roman Syria. In: An Economic Survey of Ancient Rome: Vol. 4. Johns Hopkins; 1938:121-257.
203.
Gorin-Rosen Y. ‘The Ancient Glass Industry in Israel: Summary of the Finds and New Discoveries’ in La Route du Verre: Ateliers Primaires et Secondaires du Second Millénaire Av. J.-C. au Moyen Âge. In: La Route Du Verre: Ateliers Primaires et Secondaires Du Second Millénaire Av. J.-C. Au Moyen Âge. Vol Travaux De La Maison De l’Orient Méditerranéen. Maison De l’Orient Méditerranéen-Jean Pouilloux; 2000:49-63.
204.
O’Hea M. ‘The Glass Industry of the Decapolis’ in Aram. Aram. 1992;4:253-264.
205.
Kingsley S. ‘The Economic Impact of the Palestinian Wine Trade in Late Antiquity’ in Economy and Exchange in the East Mediterranean During Late Antiquity: Proceedings of a Conference at Somerville College, Oxford, 29th May 1999. In: Economy and Exchange in the East Mediterranean During Late Antiquity: Proceedings of a Conference at Somerville College, Oxford, 29th May 1999. Oxbow; 2001:44-68.
206.
Decker M. ‘Food for an Empire: Wine and Oil Production in North Syria’ in Economy and Exchange in the East Mediterranean During Late Antiquity: Proceedings of a Conference at Somerville College, Oxford, 29th May 1999. In: Economy and Exchange in the East Mediterranean During Late Antiquity: Proceedings of a Conference at Somerville College, Oxford, 29th May 1999. Oxbow; 2001:69-86.
207.
Ward-Perkins JB. The Imported Sarcophagi of Roman Tyre. In: Marble in Antiquity: The Collected Papers of J B Ward-Perkins. Vol Archaeological Monographs of the British School at Rome. British School at Rome; 1992:129-151.
208.
Greene K. The Archaeology of the Roman Economy. Batsford; 1986.
209.
Finley MI. The Ancient Economy. Vol Hogarth history. 2nd ed. Hogarth; 1985.
210.
Finley MI. The Ancient Economy. Vol Sather classical lectures. University of California Press; 1999. http://ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01443
211.
Garnsey P, Hopkins K, Whittaker CR. Trade in the Ancient Economy. Chatto & Windus; 1983.
212.
Hopkins K. ‘Taxes and Trade in the Roman Empire (200 B.C.–A.D. 400)’ in Journal of Roman Studies. Journal of Roman Studies. 1980;70:101-125. doi:10.2307/299558
213.
Duncan-Jones R. The Economy of the Roman Empire: Quantitative Studies. Cambridge University Press; 1974.
214.
Howgego C. ‘Coin Circulation and the Integration of the Roman Economy’ in Journal of Roman Archaeology. Journal of Roman Archaeology. 1994;7:5-21. doi:10.1017/S1047759400012472
215.
Horden P, Purcell N. The Corrupting Sea: A Study of Mediterranean History. Blackwell; 2000.
216.
Wilson AI. ‘Large-Scale Manufacturing, Standardization, and Trade’ in The Oxford Handbook Of Engineering And Technology In The Classical World. In: Oleson JP, ed. The Oxford Handbook Of Engineering And Technology In The Classical World. Oxford University Press; 2008:393-417. http://eu.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/action/uresolver.do?operation=resolveService&package_service_id=13406976710002671&institutionId=2671&customerId=2670
217.
Wilson AI. ‘Large-Scale Manufacturing, Standardization, and Trade’ in The Oxford Handbook of Engineering and Technology in the Classical World. In: The Oxford Handbook of Engineering and Technology in the Classical World. Oxford University Press; 2008:393-417. http://ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199734856.001.0001
218.
Manning JG, Morris I. The Ancient Economy: Evidence and Models. Vol Social Science History. Stanford University Press; 2005.
219.
Scheidel W, Morris I, Saller RP. The Cambridge Economic History of the Greco-Roman World. Cambridge University Press; 2007.
220.
Scheidel W, Morris I, Saller RP. The Cambridge Economic History of the Greco-Roman World. Cambridge University Press; 2007. http://ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521780537
221.
Bowman AK, Wilson A. Quantifying the Roman Economy: Methods and Problems. Vol Oxford Studies on the Roman Economy. Oxford University Press; 2013.
222.
Bowman AK, Wilson A. The Roman Agricultural Economy: Organisation, Investment, and Production. Vol Oxford Studies on the Roman Economy. First edition. Oxford University Press; 2013.
223.
Bowman AK, Wilson A. The Roman Agricultural Economy: Organisation, Investment, and Production. Vol Oxford Studies on the Roman Economy.; 2013. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=3055655
224.
Young GK. Rome’s Eastern Trade: International Commerce and Imperial Policy, 31 BC-AD 305. Routledge; 2001.
225.
Rostovtzeff MI. Caravan Cities. Clarendon; 1932.
226.
Millar F. ‘Caravan Cities: The Roman Near East and Long Distance Trade by Land’ in Modus Operandi: Essays in Honour of Geoffrey Rickman. In: Modus Operandi: Essays in Honour of Geoffrey Rickman. Vol Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies. Institute of Classical Studies; 1998:119-137.
227.
Weinberg GD. Excavations at Jalame: Site of a Glass Factory in Late Roman Palestine: Excavations Conducted by a Joint Expedition of the University of Missouri and the Corning Museum of Glass. University of Missouri Press; 1988.
228.
Fischer M. Marble Studies: Roman Palestine and the Marble Trade. UVK; 1998.
229.
Butcher K. ‘Coinage and Currency in Syria and Palestine to the Reign of Gallienus’ in Coin Finds and Coin Use in the Roman World: The Thirteenth Oxford Symposium on Coinage and Monetary History, 25.-27.3.1993 : A NATO Advanced Research Workshop. In: Coin Finds and Coin Use in the Roman World: The Thirteenth Oxford Symposium on Coinage and Monetary History, 25.-27.3.1993 : A NATO Advanced Research Workshop. Vol Studien zu Fundmünzen der Antike. Mann; 1996:101-112.
230.
Butcher K. Coinage in Roman Syria: Northern Syria, 64 BC-AD 253. Vol Special Publication / Royal Numismatic Society. Royal Numismatic Society; 2004.
231.
Harl KW. Civic Coins and Civic Politics in the Roman East, A.D. 180-275. University of California Press; 1987.
232.
Harl KW. Civic Coins and Civic Politics in the Roman East, A.D. 180-275. Vol Transformation of the Classical Heritage. University of California Press; 1987. http://ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.08395
233.
Butcher K, Ponting M. ‘Rome and the East: Production of Roman Provincial Silver Coinage for Caesarea in Cappadocia Under Vespasian, AD 69-70’ in Oxford Journal of Archaeology. Oxford Journal of Archaeology. 1995;14:63-77.
234.
Butcher K. ‘Information, Legitimation or Self-Legitimation? Popular and Elite Designs on the Coin Types of Roman Syria’ in Coinage and Identity in the Roman Provinces. In: Coinage and Identity in the Roman Provinces. Oxford University Press; 2005:143-156.
235.
Butcher K. Roman Syria and the Near East. British Museum; 2003.
236.
Butcher K. Roman Syria and the Near East. British Museum; 2003.
237.
Ball W. Rome in the East: The Transformation of an Empire. Routledge; 2001.
238.
Ball W. Rome in the East: The Transformation of an Empire. Routledge; 2000. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=165396
239.
Pollard N. The Roman Army as a ‘Total Institution’ in the Near East? Dura Europos as a Case Study. In: The Roman Army in the East. Vol Journal of Roman Archaeology Supplementary Series. Oxbow; 1996:211-227.
240.
James S. The Community of Soldiers: A Major Identity and Centre of Power in the Roman Empire. TRAC 98: Proceedings of the Eighth Annual Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference. Published online 1999:14-25.
241.
James S. The Community of Soldiers: A Major Identity and Centre of Power in the Roman Empire. Theoretical Roman Archaeology Journal. Published online 1998:14-25. doi:10.16995/TRAC1998_14_25
242.
Luttwak E. The Grand Strategy of the Roman Empire From the First Century A.D. to the Third. Johns Hopkins; 1976.
243.
Mann JC. ‘Power, Force and the Frontiers of the Empire’ in Journal of Roman Studies. Journal of Roman Studies. 1979;69:175-183. doi:10.2307/299068
244.
Whittaker CR. Frontiers of the Roman Empire: A Social and Economic Study. Vol Ancient Society and History. Johns Hopkins University Press; 1994.
245.
Elton H. Frontiers of the Roman Empire. Batsford; 1996.
246.
Elton H. Frontiers of the Roman Empire. B. T. Batsford; 1996. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=1433957
247.
Southern P, Dixon KR. The Late Roman Army. Batsford; 1996.
248.
Kennedy DL. Settlement and Soldiers in the Roman Near East. Ashgate/Variorum; 2013.
249.
Freeman P, Kennedy DL. The Defence of the Roman and Byzantine East: Proceedings of a Colloquium Held at the University of Sheffield in April 1986. Vol BAR International Series. B.A.R.; 1986.
250.
French D, Lightfoot CS. The Eastern Frontier of the Roman Empire: Proceedings of a Colloquium Held at Ankara in September 1988. Vol British Archaeological Reports. B.A.R; 1989.
251.
Dabrowa E. The Roman and Byzantine Army in the East.
252.
Kennedy DL, Braund D. The Roman Army in the East. Vol Journal of Roman Archaeology Supplementary Series. Oxbow; 1996.
253.
Pollard N. Soldiers, Cities, and Civilians in Roman Syria. University of Michigan Press; 2000.
254.
Kennedy DL, Stein A, Riley DN. Archaeological Explorations on the Roman Frontier in North-East Jordan: The Roman and Byzantine Military Installations and Road Network on the Ground and From the Air. Vol BAR. International series. B.A.R.; 1982.
255.
Graf DF. Rome and the Arabian Frontier: From the Nabataeans to the Saracens. Vol Variorum Collected Studies Series. Ashgate; 1997.
256.
Kennedy DL, Riley DN. Rome’s Desert Frontier: From the Air. Batsford; 1990.
257.
Gregory S. Roman Military Architecture on the Eastern Frontier Vol. 1. Adolf M. Hakkert; 1997.
258.
Gregory S. Roman Military Architecture on the Eastern Frontier Vol. 2. Hakkert; 1996. https://www.worldcat.org/title/roman-military-architecture-on-the-eastern-frontier-2/oclc/174353527&referer=brief_results
259.
Gregory S. Roman Military Architecture on the Eastern Frontier Vol. 3. Adolf M. Hakkert; 1997.
260.
Isaac B. ‘The Meaning of the Terms Limes and Limitanei’ in Journal of Roman Studies. Journal of Roman Studies. 1988;78:125-147. doi:10.2307/301454
261.
Shaw BD. ‘Bandits in the Roman Empire’ in Past and Present. Past and Present. 1984;105(1):3-52. doi:10.1093/past/105.1.3
262.
Eadie J. ‘The Transformation of The Eastern Frontier, 260-305’ in Shifting Frontiers in Late Antiquity: Papers From the First Interdisciplinary Conferences on Late Antiquity, the University of Kansas, March, 1995. In: Shifting Frontiers in Late Antiquity: Papers From the First Interdisciplinary Conferences on Late Antiquity, the University of Kansas, March, 1995. Variorum; 1996:72-82.
263.
Isaac B. ‘The Army in the Late Roman Near East’ in The Byzantine and Early Islamic Near East: Papers, Vol. 3: States, Resources and Armies. In: The Byzantine and Early Islamic Near East: Papers, Vol. 3: States, Resources and Armies. Vol Studies in Late Antiquity and Early Islam. Darwin; 1995:125-155.
264.
Konrad M. Research on the Roman and Early Byzantine Frontier in North Syria. Journal of Roman Archaeology. 1999;12:392-410. doi:10.1017/s1047759400018122
265.
Killick A. Udhruh, Caravan City and Desert Oasis: A Guide to Udhruh and Its Surroundings. A.C. Killick; 1987. https://www.worldcat.org/title/udhruh-caravan-city-and-desert-oasis-a-guide-to-udhruh-and-its-surroundings/oclc/21936935&referer=brief_results
266.
Blockley RC. East Roman Foreign Policy: Formation and Conduct From Diocletian to Anastasius. Vol Arca. Cairns; 1992.
267.
Sherwin-White AN. Roman Foreign Policy in the East: 168 B.C. to A.D.1. Duckworth; 1984.
268.
Gawlikowski M. ‘The Roman Frontier on the Euphrates’ in Mesopotamia. Mesopotamia. 1987;22:77-80.
269.
Millar F. The Roman Near East, 31 B.C.-A.D. 337. Harvard University Press; 1993.
270.
Millar F. The Euphrates and Mesopotamia. In: The Roman Near East, 31 B.C.-A.D. 337. Harvard University Press; 1993:437-488. http://ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01455
271.
Edwell P. Between Rome and Persia: The Middle Euphrates, Mesopotamia and Palmyra Under Roman Control. Vol Routledge Monographs in Classical Studies. London; 2008.
272.
Edwell PM. Between Rome and Persia: The Middle Euphrates, Mesopotamia and Palmyra Under Roman Control. Routledge; 2008. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=325443
273.
Kennedy D, Bunbury J. The Twin Towns of Zeugma on the Euphrates: Rescue Work and Historical Studies. Vol Journal of Roman Archaeology Supplementary Series. Journal of Roman Archaeology; 1998.
274.
McNicoll AW, Milner NP. Hellenistic Fortifications From the Aegean to the Euphrates. Vol Oxford monographs on classical archaeology. Clarendon; 1997.
275.
Chesney FR. The Expedition for the Survey of the Rivers Euphrates and Tigris: Carried on by Order of the British Government in the Years 1835, 1836, and 1837. Vol Nabu Public Domain Reprints. Nabu; 2012.
276.
Baird JA. The Inner Lives of Ancient Houses: An Archaeology of Dura-Europos. First edition. Oxford University Press; 2014.
277.
Butcher K. Roman Syria and the Near East. British Museum; 2003.
278.
Millar F. The Roman Near East, 31 B.C.-A.D. 337. Harvard University Press; 1993.
279.
Millar F. The Euphrates and Mesopotamia. In: The Roman Near East, 31 B.C.-A.D. 337. Harvard University Press; 1993:437-488. http://ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01455
280.
Simon James: School of Archaeological Studies, University of Leicester. http://www.le.ac.uk/ar/stj/dura.htm
281.
Kamash Z. An Exploration of the Relationship Between Shifting Power, Changing Behaviour and New Water Technologies in the Roman Near East. Water History. 2012;4(1):79-93. doi:10.1007/s12685-012-0049-8
282.
Kamash Z. Recent Research on Roman Dams in The Near East. In: Cura Aquarum in Ephesus: Proceedings of the Twelfth International Congress on the History of Water Management and Hydraulic Engineering in the Mediterranean Region, Ephesus/Selu̇k, Turkey, October 2-10, 2004. Vol BABESCH. Supplement. Peeters; 2006:233-238.
283.
Kamash Z. What Lies Beneath? Perceptions of the Ontological Paradox of Water. World Archaeology. 2008;40(2):224-237. doi:10.1080/00438240802008551
284.
Hodge AT. Roman Aqueducts & Water Supply. Bristol Classical Press; 2002.
285.
Hodge AT. Future Currents in Aqueduct Studies. Vol Collected Classical Papers. F. Cairns; 1991.
286.
Koloski-Ostrow AO. Water Use and Hydraulics in the Roman City. Vol Archaeological Institute of America / Colloquia and Conference Papers. Kendall/Hunt; 2001.
287.
Wikander Ö. Handbook of Ancient Water Technology. Vol Technology and Change in History. Brill; 2000.
288.
Kamash Z. Archaeologies of Water in the Roman Near East: 63 BC-AD 636. Vol Gorgias studies in classical and late antiquity. Gorgias Press; 2013.
289.
Kamash Z. ‘Which Way to Look? Exploring Latrines in the Roman World’ in Toilet: Public Restrooms and the Politics of Sharing. In: Toilet: Public Restrooms and the Politics of Sharing. Vol NYU Series in Social and Cultural Analysis. New York University Press; 2010:47-63.
290.
Kamash Z. Irrigation Technology, Society and Environment in the Roman Near East. Journal of Arid Environments. 2012;86:65-74. doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2012.02.002
291.
Amit D, Patrich J, Hirschfeld Y. The Aqueducts of Israel. Vol Journal of Roman Archaeology. Supplementary Series. Journal of Roman Archaeology; 2002.
292.
Eadie JW, Oleson JP. The Water-Supply Systems of Nabataean and Roman Humayma. Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research. 1986;(262):49-76. doi:10.2307/1356979
293.
Garbrecht G, Peleg Y. ‘The Water Supply of the Desert Fortresses in the Jordan Valley’ in The Biblical Archaeologist. The Biblical Archaeologist. 1994;57(3):16-70. doi:10.2307/3210411
294.
Hirschfeld Y. The Roman Baths of Hammat Gader: Final Report. Israel Exploration Society; 1997.
295.
Hirschfeld Y, Boas A. Ramat Hanadiv Excavations: Final Report of the 1984-1998 Seasons. Israel Exploration Society; 2000.
296.
Horton FL. ‘A Sixth-Century Bath in Caesarea’s Suburbs and the Transformation of Bathing Culture in Late Antiquity’ in Caesarea Maritima: A Retrospective After Two Millenia. In: Caesarea Maritima: A Retrospective After Two Millenia. Vol Documenta Et Monumenta Orientis Antiqui. E.J.Brill; 1996:177-189.
297.
Hoss S. Baths and Bathing: The Culture of Bathing and the Baths and Thermae in Palestine From the Hasmoneans to the Moslem Conquest, With an Appendix on Jewish Rituals Baths (Miqva’ot). Vol BAR International Series. Archaeopress; 2005.
298.
Meyers EM. ‘Aspects of Everyday Life in Roman Palestine With Special Reference to Private Domiciles and Ritual Baths’ in Jews in the Hellenistic and Roman Cities. In: Jews in the Hellenistic and Roman Cities. Routledge; 2002:211-220.
299.
Miller SS. Stepped Pools and the Non-Existent Monolithic ‘Miqveh’. In: The Archaeology of Difference: Gender, Ethnicity, Class and the ‘Other’ in Antiquity : Studies in Honor of Eric M. Meyers. American Schools of Oriental Research; 2007:215-234.
300.
Ohlig C. Cura Aquarum in Israel. In Memoriam Dr. Yaakob Eren : Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on the Hi.
301.
Yegül F. ‘Baths and Bathing in Roman Antioch’ in Antioch: The Lost Ancient City. In: Antioch: The Lost Ancient City. Princeton University Press; 2001:145-155. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/prin031/00032637.html
302.
Koloski-Ostrow AO. ‘Dura-Europos: Water, Baths, Latrines and the Goddess Fortuna in a Desert City’ in Dura-Europos: Crossroads of Antiquity. In: Dura-Europos: Crossroads of Antiquity. McMullen Museum of Art, Boston College; 2011:251-273.
303.
Kamash Z. Archaeologies of Water in the Roman Near East: 63 BC-AD 636. Vol Gorgias studies in classical and late antiquity. Gorgias Press; 2013.
304.
Kamash Z. Water Supply and Management in the Near East 63BC-AD636. 2006. http://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archives/view/kamash_2006/
305.
Butcher K. Roman Syria and the Near East. British Museum; 2003.
306.
Ball W. Rome in the East: The Transformation of an Empire. Routledge; 2001.
307.
Dobbins JJ. The Houses at Antioch. In: Antioch: The Lost Ancient City. Princeton University Press; 2000:51-62.
308.
Baird JA. The Inner Lives of Ancient Houses: An Archaeology of Dura-Europos. First edition. Oxford University Press; 2014.
309.
Allison PM. Introduction. In: The Archaeology of Household Activities: Dwelling in the Past. Routledge; 1999:1-18.
310.
Haagsma MJ. Social Dimensions of Domestic Architecture. Archaeological Dialogues. 1995;2(01):51-56. doi:10.1017/S1380203800000325
311.
Nevett LC. Domestic Space in Classical Antiquity. Vol Key themes in ancient history. Cambridge University Press; 2010.
312.
Baker HD. The Social Dimensions of Babylonian Domestic Architecture in the Neo-Babylonian and Achaemenid Periods. In: World of Achaemenid Persia, The: History, Art and Society in Iran and the Ancient Near East. I.B.Tauris; 2010:179-194.
313.
Baker HD. The Social Dimensions of Babylonian Domestic Architecture in the Neo-Babylonian and Achaemenid Periods. In: The World of Achaemenid Persia: History, Art and Society in Iran and the Ancient Near East. I. B. Tauris; 2010:179-194. http://ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/login?url=http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9786000042455
314.
Brusasco P. Theory and Practice in the Study of Mesopotamian Domestic Space. Antiquity. 2004;78:142-157.
315.
Foster CP. ‘The Uruk Phenomenon: A View From the Household’ in New Perspectives on Household Archaeology. In: New Perspectives on Household Archaeology. Eisenbrauns; 2012:437-472.
316.
Veenhof KR, Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale. Houses and Households in Ancient Mesopotamia: Papers Read at 40e Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale, Leiden, July 5-8, 1993. Vol Uitgaven van het Nederlands Historisch-Archaeologisch Instituut te Istanbul =. Nederlands Historisch-Archaeologisch Instituut te Istanbul; 1996.
317.
Foster CP, Parker BJ. ‘Introduction: Household Archaeology in the Near East and Beyond’ in New Perspectives on Household Archaeology. In: New Perspectives on Household Archaeology. Eisenbrauns; 2012:1-12.
318.
Galor K. Domestic Architecture. In: The Oxford Handbook of Jewish Daily Life in Roman Palestine. Vol Oxford handbooks in classics and ancient history. Oxford University Press; 2010:420-439. http://ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199216437.001.0001
319.
Galor K. ‘Domestic Architecture’ in The Oxford Handbook of Jewish Daily Life in Roman Palestine. In: The Oxford Handbook of Jewish Daily Life in Roman Palestine. Oxford University Press; 2010:420-439. http://ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199216437.001.0001
320.
Gawlikowski M. ‘Beyond the Colonnades: Domestic Architecture in Palmyra’ in From Antioch to Alexandria: Recent Studies in Domestic Architecture. In: From Antioch to Alexandria: Recent Studies in Domestic Architecture. Institute of Archaeology, University of Warsaw; 2007:79-93.
321.
Hales S. ‘The Houses of Antioch: A Study of the Domestic Sphere in the Imperial Near East’ in Roman Imperialism and Provincial Art. In: Roman Imperialism and Provincial Art. Cambridge University Press; 2003:171-191.
322.
Richardson P. ‘Towards a Typology of Levantine/Palestinian Houses’ in Journal for the Study of the New Testament. Journal for the Study of the New Testament. 2004;27(1):47-68. doi:10.1177/0142064X0402700104
323.
Sartre M. Domestic Architecture in the Roman Near East. In: From Antioch to Alexandria: Recent Studies in Domestic Architecture. Institute of Archaeology, University of Warsaw; 2007:25-35.
324.
Stillwell R. Houses of Antioch. Dumbarton Oaks Papers. 1961;15:45-57. doi:10.2307/1291175
325.
Zeugma Excavations: Contents. http://zeugma.packhum.org/toc
326.
HIrschfeld Y. ‘Jewish Rural Settlement in Judea in the Early Roman Period’ in The Early Roman Empire in the East. In: The Early Roman Empire in the East. Vol Oxbow Monograph. Oxbow; 1997:72-88.
327.
HIrschfeld Y. ‘A Jewish Dwelling at Horvat Susita’ in From Antioch to Alexandria: Recent Studies in Domestic Architecture. In: From Antioch to Alexandria: Recent Studies in Domestic Architecture. Institute of Archaeology, University of Warsaw; 2007:179-200.
328.
Hirschfeld Y. Early Roman Manor Houses in Judea and the Site of Khirbet Qumran. Journal of Near Eastern Studies. 1998;57(3):161-189. doi:10.1086/468637
329.
Butcher K. Roman Syria and the Near East. British Museum; 2003.
330.
The House of the Drinking Contest, Antioch - Reconstruction Film. Published online 2011. https://vimeo.com/18473911
331.
Zeugma Excavations: Home. http://zeugma.packhum.org/index
332.
Butcher K. Roman Syria and the Near East. British Museum; 2003.
333.
Ball W. Rome in the East: The Transformation of an Empire. Routledge; 2001.
334.
Ball W. Rome in the East: The Transformation of an Empire. Routledge; 2000. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=165396
335.
Ball W. Syria: A Historical and Architectural Guide. Revised and updated ed. Interlink Books; 2007.
336.
Toynbee JMC. Death and Burial in the Roman World. Vol Aspects of Greek and Roman Life. Thames & Hudson; 1971.
337.
Morris I. Death-Ritual and Social Structure in Classical Antiquity. Vol Key Themes in Ancient History. Cambridge University Press; 1992. http://eu.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/action/uresolver.do?operation=resolveService&package_service_id=13397460200002671&institutionId=2671&customerId=2670
338.
Morris I. Death-Ritual and Social Structure in Classical Antiquity. Vol Key Themes in Ancient History. Cambridge University Press; 1992. http://ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511611728
339.
Avigad N. Ancient Monuments in the Kidron Valley. Bialik Institute; 1954.
340.
Curtis J. ‘Gold Face Masks in the Ancient Near East’ in The Archaeology of Death in the Ancient Near East. In: The Archaeology of Death in the Ancient Near East. Vol Oxbow Monograph. Oxbow Books; 1995:226-231.
341.
McKenzie J. The Architecture of Petra. Vol British Academy Monographs in Archaeology. Oxford University Press for the British Academy, the British School of Archaeology in Jeusalem and the British Institute at Amman for Archaeology and History; 1990.
342.
Wright GRH. ‘Strabo on Funerary Customs at Petra’ in Palestine Exploration Quarterly. Palestine Exploration Quarterly. 1969;101:113-116.
343.
Kropp AJM. Images and Monuments of Near Eastern Dynasts, 100 BC-AD 100. Vol Oxford Studies in Ancient Culture and Representation. Oxford University Press; 2013.
344.
Murphy-O’Connor J. The Holy Land: An Oxford Archaeological Guide From Earliest Times to 1700. Vol Oxford Archaeological Guides. 5th ed., Rev. and Expanded. Oxford University Press; 2008.
345.
Burns R. The Monuments of Syria: A Guide. New and updated ed. I.B. Tauris; 2009.
346.
Magness J. The Archaeology of the Holy Land: From the Destruction of Solomon’s Temple to the Muslim Conquest. Cambridge University Press; 2012.
347.
Colledge MAR. The Art of Palmyra. Vol Studies in Ancient Art and Archaeology. Thames and Hudson; 1976.
348.
Schmidt-Colinet A. Aspects of Romanization: The Tomb Architecture at Palmyra and Its Decoration. In: The Early Roman Empire in the East. Vol Oxbow Monograph. Oxbow; 1997:157-178.
349.
Downey S. Funerary Sculptures of Palmyra. Journal of Roman Archaeology. 1996;9:469-471. doi:10.1017/S1047759400016937
350.
Cormack S. Palmyra’s Temple-Tomb 36 and Tomb Architecture in the East. Journal of Roman Archaeology. 1994;7:437-446. doi:10.1017/S1047759400012836
351.
Butcher K. Roman Syria and the Near East. British Museum; 2003.
352.
Butcher K. Roman Syria and the Near East. British Museum; 2003.
353.
Ball W. Rome in the East: The Transformation of an Empire. Routledge; 2001.
354.
Ball W. Rome in the East: The Transformation of an Empire. Routledge; 2000. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=165396
355.
Kaizer T. Local Religious Identities in the Roman Near East. In: The Cambridge History of Religions in the Ancient World. Cambridge University Press; 2012:54-86. doi:10.1017/CHO9781139600507
356.
Kaizer T. Local Religious Identities in the Roman Near East. In: The Cambridge History of Religions in the Ancient World. Cambridge University Press; 2013:54-86. http://ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHO9781139600507
357.
Beard M, North J, Price S. Religions of Rome: Vol. 1: A History. Cambridge University Press; 1998.
358.
Beard M, North J, Price S. Religions of Rome: Vol. 2: A Sourcebook. Cambridge University Press; 1998.
359.
Turcan R. The Cults of the Roman Empire. Vol The Ancient World. Blackwell Publishers; 1996.
360.
Kaizer T. The Religious Life of Palmyra: A Study of the Social Patterns of Worship in the Roman Period. Vol Oriens Et Occidens Studien Zu Antiken Kulturkontakten Und Ihrem Nachleben. Franz Steiner Verlag; 2002.
361.
Kaizer T. The Variety of Local Religious Life in the Near East in the Hellenistic and Roman Periods. Vol Religions in the Graeco-Roman World. Brill; 2008. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=468173
362.
Kaizer T. The Variety of Local Religious Life in the Near East in the Hellenistic and Roman Periods. 2008;Brill eBook titles 2008. http://ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004167353.i-396
363.
Van der Toorn K. ‘Domestic Religion in Ancient Mesopotamia’ in Houses and Households in Ancient Mesopotamia. In: Houses and Households in Ancient Mesopotamia: Papers Read at 40e Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale, Leiden, July 5-8, 1993. Vol Uitgaven van het Nederlands Historisch-Archaeologisch Instituut te Istanbul =. Nederlands Historisch-Archaeologisch Instituut te Istanbul; 1996:69-78.
364.
Taylor G. Roman Temples of Lebanon: A Pictorial Guide. Dar El Machreq Publishers
365.
Drijvers HJW. The Religion of Palmyra. Brill; 1976.
366.
Teixidor J. The Pagan God: Popular Religion in the Greco-Roman Near East. Vol Princeton Legacy Library. Princeton University Press; 1977.
367.
Teixidor J. The Pantheon of Palmyra. Vol Études Préliminaires aux Religions Orientales dans l’Empire Romain. Brill; 1979.
368.
Elsner J. ‘The Origins of the Icon: Pilgrimage, Religion and Visual Culture in the Roman East as “Resistance” to the Centre’ in The Early Roman Empire in the East. In: The Early Roman Empire in the East. Vol Oxbow Monograph. Oxbow; 1997:178-199.
369.
Healey JF. The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus. Vol Religions in the Graeco-Roman World. Brill; 2001.
370.
Winter E. ‘Mithraism and Christianity in Late Antiquity’ in Ethnicity and Culture in Late Antiquity. In: Ethnicity and Culture in Late Antiquity. Duckworth; 2000:173-182.
371.
Avi-Yonah M. ‘Syrian Gods at Ptolemais — Accho’ in Israel Exploration Journal. Israel Exploration Journal. 1959;9(1):1-12. http://www.jstor.org/stable/27924758?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
372.
Lightfoot JL. Lucian: On the Syrian Goddess. Oxford University Press; 2003.
373.
Kamash Z. Archaeologies of Water in the Roman Near East: 63 BC-AD 636. Vol Gorgias studies in classical and late antiquity. Gorgias Press; 2013.
374.
Bilde P. ‘Atargatis/Dea Syria: Hellenization of Her Cult in the Hellenistic-Roman Period?’ in Religion and Religious Practice in the Seleucid Kingdom. In: Religion and Religious Practice in the Seleucid Kingdom. Vol Studies in Hellinistic Civilization. Aarhus University Press; 1990:151-187.
375.
Joukowsky M. Petra Great Temple. M. Joukowsky; 1998.
376.
Hammond PC. The Temple of the Winged Lions, Petra, Jordan, 1973-1990. Petra Pub; 1996.
377.
Bowersock GW. Polytheism and Monotheism in Arabia and the Three Palestines. Dumbarton Oaks Papers. 1997;51:1-10. doi:10.2307/1291759
378.
Schürer E, Vermes G, Millar F, Black M. The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ, 175 B.C. - A.D. 135. New English Version, Rev. and Edited by Geza Vermes, Fergus Millar [and] Matthew Black. Clarke; 1973.
379.
Smallwood EM. The Jews Under Roman Rule: From Pompey to Diocletian. Vol Studies in Judaism in late antiquity. Brill; 1976.
380.
Goodman M. The Ruling Class of Judaea: The Origins of the Jewish Revolt Against Rome A.D. 66-70. Cambridge University Press; 1987.
381.
Feldman LH. Jew and Gentile in the Ancient World: Attitudes and Interactions From Alexander to Justinian. Princeton University Press; 1993.
382.
Schwartz S. Imperialism and Jewish Society: 200 B.C.E. to 640 C.E. Vol Jews, Christians, and Muslims From the Ancient to the Modern World. Princeton University Press; 2001.
383.
Magness J. The Archaeology of the Holy Land: From the Destruction of Solomon’s Temple to the Muslim Conquest. Cambridge University Press; 2012.
384.
Dirven LA. The Palmyrenes of Dura-Europos: A Study of Religious Interaction in Roman Syria. Vol Religions in the Graeco-Roman World. Brill; 1999.
385.
Downey SB. ‘The Role of Sculpture in Worship at The Temples of Dura-Europos’ in The Sculptural Environment of the Roman Near East: Reflections on Culture, Ideology, and Power. In: The Sculptural Environment of the Roman Near East: Reflections on Culture, Ideology, and Power. Vol Interdisciplinary Studies in Ancient Culture and Religion. Peeters; 2008:413-435.
386.
Kaizer T. ‘Patterns of Worship in Dura-Europos: A Case Study of Religious Life in the Classical Levant Outside the Main Cult Centres’ in Les Religions Orientales Dans Le Monde Grec Et Romain: Cent Ans Après Cumont. In: Les Religions Orientales Dans Le Monde Grec Et Romain: Cent Ans Après Cumont. Belgisch Historisch Instituut te Rome; 2009:153-172.
387.
Millar F. The Roman Near East, 31 B.C.-A.D. 337. Harvard University Press; 1993.
388.
Millar F. The Euphrates and Mesopotamia. In: The Roman Near East, 31 B.C.-A.D. 337. Harvard University Press; 1993:437-488. http://ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/login?url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01455
389.
Butcher K. Roman Syria and the Near East. British Museum; 2003.