[1]
M. Begon, M. Mortimer, and D. J. Thompson, Population Ecology: A Unified Study of Animals and Plants, 3rd ed. Oxford: Blackwell, 1996.
[2]
M. Begon, M. Mortimer, and D. J. Thompson, Population Ecology: A Unified Study of Animals and Plants. Oxford: Blackwell Science, 1996 [Online]. Available: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=454322
[3]
N. J. Gotelli, A Primer of Ecology, 4th ed. Sunderland, Mass: Sinauer Associates, 2008.
[4]
P. J. Morin, Community Ecology, 2nd ed. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley, 2011.
[5]
P. J. Morin, Community Ecology. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011 [Online]. Available: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=697804
[6]
N. G. Gotelli, ‘Chapter 1; Exponential Population Growth’, in A Primer of Ecology, 4th ed., Sunderland, Mass: Sinauer Associates, 2008.
[7]
M. Begon, M. Mortimer, and D. J. Thompson, ‘Intraspecific Competition’, in Population Ecology: A Unified Study of Animals and Plants, 3rd ed., Oxford: Blackwell, 1996, pp. 28–51.
[8]
M. Begon, M. Mortimer, and D. J. Thompson, ‘Intraspecific Competition’, in Population Ecology: A Unified Study of Animals and Plants, 3rd ed., Hoboken: Wiley, 1996, pp. 28–51 [Online]. Available: https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=454322
[9]
N. G. Gotelli, ‘Chapter 2: Logistic Population Growth’, in A Primer of Ecology, 4th ed., Sunderland, Mass: Sinauer Associates, 2008.
[10]
M. Begon, M. Mortimer, and D. J. Thompson, ‘Intraspecific Competition’, in Population Ecology: A Unified Study of Animals and Plants, 3rd ed., Oxford: Blackwell, 1996, pp. 28–51.
[11]
M. Begon, M. Mortimer, and D. J. Thompson, ‘Intraspecific Competition’, in Population Ecology: A Unified Study of Animals and Plants, 3rd ed., Hoboken: Wiley, 1996, pp. 28–51 [Online]. Available: https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=454322
[12]
E. Benincà and J. Huisman, ‘Chaos in a Long-Term Experiment With a Plankton Community’, Nature, vol. 451, no. 7180, pp. 822–825, 2008, doi: 10.1038/nature06512.
[13]
R. F. Costantino, J. M. Cushing, B. Dennis, and R. A. Desharnais, ‘Experimentally Induced Transitions in the Dynamic Behaviour of Insect Populations’, Nature, vol. 375, no. 6528, pp. 227–230, 1995, doi: 10.1038/375227a0.
[14]
P. Rohani and D. J. D. Earn, ‘Chaos in a Cup of Flour’, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol. 12, no. 5, 1997, doi: 10.1016/S0169-5347(97)01055-0.
[15]
J. M. Fryxell, A. R. E. Sinclair, and G. Caugley, ‘Wildlife Harvesting’, in Wildlife Ecology, Conservation, and Management, Third edition., Chichester, West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons, 2014, pp. 325–346.
[16]
J. M. Fryxell, A. R. E. Sinclair, and G. Caughley, ‘Wildlife Harvesting’, in Wildlife Ecology, Conservation, and Management, Third edition., Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell, 2014, pp. 225–346 [Online]. Available: https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=1701392
[17]
C. Ulrich, ‘Achieving Maximum Sustainable Yield in Mixed Fisheries: A Management Approach for the North Sea Demersal Fisheries’, ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil, 2016, doi: 10.1093/icesjms/fsw126.
[18]
N. G. Gotelli, ‘Exponential Population Growth’, in A Primer of Ecology, 4th ed., Sunderland, Mass: Sinauer Associates, 2008.
[19]
N. Gotelli, ‘Competition’, in A Primer of Ecology, 4th ed., Sunderland, Mass: Sinauer Associates, 2008.
[20]
P. J. Morin, ‘Competition: Mechanisms, Models and Niches’, in Community Ecology, 2nd ed., Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley, 2011, pp. 24–33.
[21]
P. J. Morin, ‘Competition: Mechanisms, Models and Niches’, in Community Ecology, Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011, pp. 24–57 [Online]. Available: https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=697804
[22]
P. J. Morin, ‘Competition: Experiments, Observations and Null Models’, in Community Ecology, 2nd ed., Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley, 2011, pp. 58–84.
[23]
P. J. Morin, ‘Competition: Experiments, Observations and Null Models’, in Community Ecology, Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011, pp. 58–89 [Online]. Available: https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=697804
[24]
G. F. Gause, ‘Competition for Food in Protozoa’, in The Struggle for Existence, vol. Dover Phoenix Editions, Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, 2003 [Online]. Available: https://web.p.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail/detail?vid=0&sid=aaea588d-a0e6-40db-83d4-d9c9723e23d8%40redis&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#AN=2265850&db=nlebk
[25]
M. Scheffer and S. Szabó, ‘Floating Plant Dominance as a Stable State’, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 100, no. 7, pp. 4040–4045, 2003 [Online]. Available: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3148736
[26]
M. E. Adam and J. W. Lewis, ‘The Lack of Co-Existence Between and (Gastropoda: Pulmonata)’, Journal of Molluscan Studies, vol. 58, no. 2, pp. 227–228, 1992, doi: 10.1093/mollus/58.2.227.
[27]
M. Begon, M. Mortimer, and D. J. Thompson, ‘Beyond Population Ecology’, in Population Ecology: A Unified Study of Animals and Plants, 3rd ed., Oxford: Blackwell, 1996, pp. 77–116.
[28]
M. Begon, M. Mortimer, and D. J. Thompson, ‘Interspecific Competition’, in Population Ecology: A Unified Study of Animals and Plants, 3rd ed., Hoboken: Wiley, 1996, pp. 77–116 [Online]. Available: https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=454322
[29]
A. R. Ives, Á. Einarsson, V. A. A. Jansen, and A. Gardarsson, ‘High-Amplitude Fluctuations and Alternative Dynamical States of Midges in Lake Myvatn’, Nature, vol. 452, no. 7183, pp. 84–87, 2008, doi: 10.1038/nature06610.
[30]
J. Bryden, R. J. Gill, R. A. A. Mitton, N. E. Raine, and V. A. A. Jansen, ‘Chronic Sublethal Stress Causes Bee Colony Failure’, Ecology Letters, vol. 16, no. 12, pp. 1463–1469, 2013, doi: 10.1111/ele.12188.
[31]
P. J. Morin, ‘Indirect Effects’, in Community Ecology, 2nd ed., Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley, 2011, pp. 187–203.
[32]
P. J. Morin, ‘Indirect Effects’, in Community Ecology, Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011, pp. 187–212 [Online]. Available: https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=697804
[33]
M. B. Bonsall and M. P. Hassell, ‘Apparent Competition Structures Ecological Assemblages’, Nature, vol. 388, no. 6640, pp. 371–373, 1997, doi: 10.1038/41084.
[34]
R. J. Morris, O. T. Lewis, and H. C. J. Godfray, ‘Experimental Evidence for Apparent Competition in a Tropical Forest Food Web’, Nature, vol. 428, no. 6980, pp. 310–313, 2004, doi: 10.1038/nature02394.
[35]
P. J. Mumby, R. S. Steneck, and A. Hastings, ‘Evidence for and Against the Existence of Alternate Attractors on Coral Reefs’, Oikos, vol. 122, no. 4, pp. 481–491, 2013, doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2012.00262.x.
[36]
P. J. Mumby, A. Hastings, and H. J. Edwards, ‘Thresholds and the Resilience of Caribbean Coral Reefs’, Nature, vol. 450, no. 7166, pp. 98–101, 2007, doi: 10.1038/nature06252.
[37]
M. Scheffer, S. Carpenter, J. A. Foley, C. Folke, and B. Walker, ‘Catastrophic Shifts in Ecosystems’, Nature, vol. 413, no. 6856, pp. 591–596, 2001, doi: 10.1038/35098000.
[38]
M. Begon, ‘Beyond Population Ecology’, in Population Ecology: A Unified Study of Animals and Plants, 3rd ed., Oxford: Blackwell Science, 1996.
[39]
M. Begon, ‘Beyond Population Ecology’, in Population Ecology, Oxford: Blackwell Science, 1996 [Online]. Available: https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=454322
[40]
R. J. Gutierrez, ‘Applying Metapopulation Theory to Spotted Owl Management: A History and a Critique.’, in Metapopulations and Wildlife Conservation, Washington, D.C.: Island Press, 1996.
[41]
N. G. Gotelli, ‘Metapopulation Dynamics’, in A Primer of Ecology, 4th ed., Sunderland, Mass: Sinauer Associates, 2008.
[42]
B. R. Noon and K. S. McKelvey, ‘Management of the Spotted Owl: A Case History in Conservation Biology’, Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 135–162, 1996, doi: 10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.27.1.135.
[43]
I. Hanski, Metapopulation Ecology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
[44]
S. R. Dudgeon, ‘Phase Shifts and Stable States on Coral Reefs’, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol. 413, 2010 [Online]. Available: https://www.jstor.org/stable/24875190
[45]
D. W. Sims, ‘Scaling Laws of Marine Predator Search Behaviour’, Nature, vol. 451, no. 7182, pp. 1098–1102, 2008, doi: 10.1038/nature06518.
[46]
N. E. Humphries, ‘Environmental Context Explains Lévy and Brownian Movement Patterns of Marine Predators’, Nature, vol. 465, no. 7301, pp. 1066–1069, 2010, doi: 10.1038/nature09116.
[47]
M. de Jager, ‘Lévy Walks Evolve Through Interaction Between Movement and Environmental Complexity’, Science, vol. 332, no. 6037, 2011 [Online]. Available: https://www.jstor.org/stable/27978112
[48]
V. A. A. Jansen, A. Mashanova, and S. Petrovskii, ‘Comment on “Levy Walks Evolve Through Interaction Between Movement and Environmental Complexity”’, Science, vol. 335, no. 6071, pp. 918–918, 2012, doi: 10.1126/science.1215747.
[49]
N. Gotelli, ‘Predation’, in A Primer of Ecology, 4th ed., Sunderland, Mass: Sinauer Associates, 2008.
[50]
P. J. Morin, ‘Predation and Communities’, in Community Ecology, 2nd ed., Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley, 2011.
[51]
P. J. Morin, ‘Predation and Communities’, in Community Ecology, Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011 [Online]. Available: https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=697804
[52]
P. J. Morin, ‘Models of Predation in Simple Communities’, in Community Ecology, 2nd ed., Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley, 2011.
[53]
P. J. Morin, ‘Models of Predation in Simple Communities’, in Community Ecology, Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011, pp. 120–135 [Online]. Available: https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=697804
[54]
P. J. Morin, ‘Spatial Dynamics, Recruitment Limited Patterns and Island Biogeography’, in Community Ecology, 2nd ed., Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley, 2011, pp. 251–268.
[55]
P. J. Morin, ‘Spatial Dynamics, Recruitment Limited Patterns and Island Biogeography’, in Community Ecology, Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011 [Online]. Available: https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=697804
[56]
M. P. Hassell, H. N. Comins, and R. M. Mayt, ‘Spatial Structure and Chaos in Insect Population Dynamics’, Nature, vol. 353, no. 6341, pp. 255–258, 1991, doi: 10.1038/353255a0.
[57]
S. P. Ellner and E. McCauley, ‘Habitat Structure and Population Persistence in an Experimental Community’, Nature, vol. 412, no. 6846, pp. 538–543, 2001, doi: 10.1038/35087580.
[58]
A. Scherer, ‘Mathematical Models of Vaccination’, British Medical Bulletin, vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 187–199, 2002, doi: 10.1093/bmb/62.1.187.
[59]
D. Louz, H. E. Bergmans, B. P. Loos, and R. C. Hoeben, ‘Emergence of Viral Diseases: Mathematical Modeling as a Tool for Infection Control, Policy and Decision Making’, Critical Reviews in Microbiology, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 195–211, 2010, doi: 10.3109/10408411003604619.
[60]
D. J. D. Earn, J. Dushoff, and S. A. Levin, ‘Ecology and Evolution of the Flu’, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol. 17, no. 7, pp. 334–340, 2002, doi: 10.1016/S0169-5347(02)02502-8.
[61]
M. P. Girard, J. S. Tam, O. M. Assossou, and M. P. Kieny, ‘The 2009 a (H1N1) Influenza Virus Pandemic: A Review’, Vaccine, vol. 28, no. 31, pp. 4895–4902, 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.05.031.
[62]
‘Facts About Ebola | World Heath Organisation’. [Online]. Available: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs103/en/
[63]
J. Cohen, ‘Congo Rapidly Curtails Ebola’, Science, vol. 361, no. 6399, pp. 211–212, 2018, doi: 10.1126/science.361.6399.211.
[64]
‘WHO Information on Avian Flu | World Health Organisation’. [Online]. Available: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/avian_influenza/en/
[65]
‘WHO Information on Swine Flu | World Health Orgaisation’. [Online]. Available: http://www.who.int/csr/disease/swineflu/en/
[66]
‘UK Contingency Plan for Pandemic Flu | Gov.uk’, 2013. [Online]. Available: https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/pandemic-flu-public-health-response
[67]
N. M. Ferguson et al., ‘Strategies for Containing an Emerging Influenza Pandemic in Southeast Asia’, Nature, vol. 437, no. 7056, pp. 209–214, 2005, doi: 10.1038/nature04017.
[68]
N. M. Ferguson, ‘Strategies for Mitigating an Influenza Pandemic’, Nature, vol. 442, no. 7101, pp. 448–452, 2006, doi: 10.1038/nature04795.
[69]
V. A. A. Jansen, ‘Measles Outbreaks in a Population With Declining Vaccine Uptake’, Science, vol. 301, no. 5634, 2003 [Online]. Available: https://www.jstor.org/stable/3834928
[70]
J. H. Lawton, ‘Are there general laws in ecology?’, Journal of Applied Ecology, vol. 84, 1999, doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3546712.
[71]
‘Humboldt’s legacy’, Ecology Letters, vol. 3, no. 10, pp. 1265–1266, 2019, doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01094.x.
[72]
J. H. Connell, ‘The Influence of Interspecific Competition and Other Factors on the Distribution of the Barnacle Chthamalus Stellatus’, Oikos, vol. 42, no. 4, 1961, doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/1933500.
[73]
G. E. G. E. Hutchinson, ‘Homage to Santa Rosalia or Why Are There So Many Kinds of Animals?’, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, vol. 93, no. 1, pp. 145–159, 1959, doi: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2458768.
[74]
M. Anne E., Measuring Biological Diversity. 2013, p. no-no [Online]. Available: https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/lib/rhul/reader.action?docID=428037&ppg=1
[75]
A. Kulmatiski, K. H. Beard, and J. R. Stevens, ‘Plant-Soil Feedbacks: A Meta-Analytical Review’, Ecology Letters, vol. 11, no. 9, pp. 980–992, 2008, doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01209.x.
[76]
C. Mora and D. P. Tittensor, ‘How Many Species Are There on Earth and in the Ocean?’, PLoS Biology, vol. 9, no. 8, 2011, doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001127.
[77]
H. Hillebrand, ‘On the Generality of the Latitudinal Diversity Gradient’, The American Naturalist, vol. 163, no. 2, pp. 192–211, 2004, doi: 10.1086/381004.
[78]
D. Jablonski, K. Roy, and J. W. Valentine, ‘Out of the Tropics: Evolutionary Dynamics of the Latitudinal Diversity Gradient’, Science, vol. 314, no. 5796, pp. 102–106, 2006, doi: 10.1126/science.1130880.
[79]
L. Tedersoo, ‘Global Diversity and Geography of Soil Fungi’, Science, vol. 346, no. 6213, pp. 1256688–1256688, 2014, doi: 10.1126/science.1256688.
[80]
K. J. Gaston, ‘Abundance-Occupancy Relationships’, Journal of Applied Ecology, vol. 37, no. s1, pp. 39–59, 2000, doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2664.2000.00485.x.
[81]
A. R. Holt and K. J. Gaston, ‘Interspecific Abundance-Occupancy Relationships of British Mammals and Birds: Is It Possible to Explain the Residual Variation?’, Global Ecology and Biogeography, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 37–46, 2003, doi: 10.1046/j.1466-822X.2003.00315.x.
[82]
J. J. Lennon, P. Koleff, J. J. D. Greenwood, and K. J. Gaston, ‘Contribution of Rarity and Commonness to Patterns of Species Richness’, Ecology Letters, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 81–87, 2003, doi: 10.1046/j.1461-0248.2004.00548.x.
[83]
K. Gaston and R. Fuller, ‘Commonness, Population Depletion and Conservation Biology’, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 14–19, 2008, doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2007.11.001.
[84]
‘The State of Nature Report’.
[85]
‘The State of Nature Report’, 2016.
[86]
‘The State of The UK’s Birds | The RSPB’. [Online]. Available: https://www.rspb.org.uk/our-work/conservation/centre-for-conservation-science/state-of-the-uks-birds/
[87]
K. H. Johnson, ‘Biodiversity and the Productivity and Stability of Ecosystems’, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol. 11, no. 9, pp. 372–377, 1996, doi: 10.1016/0169-5347(96)10040-9.
[88]
D. Tilman, P. B. Reich, and J. M. H. Knops, ‘Biodiversity and Ecosystem Stability in a Decade-Long Grassland Experiment’, Nature, vol. 441, no. 7093, pp. 629–632, 2006, doi: 10.1038/nature04742.
[89]
T. A. Kennedy, ‘Biodiversity as a Barrier to Ecological Invasion’, Nature, vol. 417, no. 6889, pp. 636–638, 2002, doi: 10.1038/nature00776.
[90]
T. Herben, ‘Invasibility and Species Richness of a Community: A Neutral Model and a Survey of Published Data’, Ecology, vol. 85, no. 12, 2004 [Online]. Available: https://www.jstor.org/stable/3450503
[91]
J. D. Fridley, ‘The Invasion Paradox: Reconciling Pattern and Process in Species Invasions’, Ecology, vol. 88, no. 1, 2007 [Online]. Available: https://www.jstor.org/stable/27651060
[92]
J. Gurevitch and D. Padilla, ‘Are Invasive Species a Major Cause of Extinctions?’, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol. 19, no. 9, pp. 470–474, 2004, doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2004.07.005.
[93]
D. L. Strayer, V. T. Eviner, J. M. Jeschke, and M. L. Pace, ‘Understanding the Long-Term Effects of Species Invasions’, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol. 21, no. 11, pp. 645–651, 2006, doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2006.07.007.
[94]
B. Worm and E. B. Barbier, ‘Impacts of Biodiversity Loss on Ocean Ecosystem Services’, Science (New York, N.Y.), vol. 314, no. 5800, pp. 787–790, 2006 [Online]. Available: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20031683
[95]
M. C. Urban, ‘Accelerating Extinction Risk From Climate Change’, Science, vol. 348, no. 6234, pp. 571–573, 2015, doi: 10.1126/science.aaa4984.
[96]
G. E. P. Murphy and T. N. Romanuk, ‘A Meta-Analysis of Declines in Local Species Richness From Human Disturbances’, Ecology and Evolution, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 91–103, 2014, doi: 10.1002/ece3.909.
[97]
C. Ponting, ‘The Intriguing Tale of Easter Island | Eco Action’. [Online]. Available: http://www.eco-action.org/dt/eisland.html
[98]
‘The World Population Clock | Galen’. [Online]. Available: http://galen.metapath.org/popclk.html
[99]
C. Jarman, ‘The Truth About Easter Island: A Sustainable Society Has Been Falsely Blamed for Its Own Demise’, The Conversation, 2017 [Online]. Available: https://theconversation.com/the-truth-about-easter-island-a-sustainable-society-has-been-falsely-blamed-for-its-own-demise-85563
[100]
J. A. Sheridan and D. Bickford, ‘Shrinking Body Size as an Ecological Response to Climate Change’, Nature Climate Change, vol. 1, no. 8, pp. 401–406, 2011.
[101]
E. P. White, S. K. M. Ernest, A. J. Kerkhoff, and B. J. Enquist, ‘Relationships Between Body Size and Abundance in Ecology’, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 323–330, 2007, doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2007.03.007.
[102]
G. Woodward, ‘Body Size in Ecological Networks’, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol. 20, no. 7, pp. 402–409, 2005, doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2005.04.005.
[103]
J. Soininen, ‘A Quantitative Analysis of Species Sorting Across Organisms and Ecosystems’, Ecology, vol. 95, no. 12, 2014 [Online]. Available: https://www.jstor.org/stable/43495283
[104]
F. A. Smith and A. G. Boyer, ‘The Evolution of Maximum Body Size of Terrestrial Mammals’, Science, vol. 330, no. 6008, pp. 1216–1219, 2010, doi: 10.1126/science.1194830.
[105]
N. Myers and R. A. Mittermeier, ‘Biodiversity Hotspots for Conservation Priorities’, Nature, vol. 403, no. 6772, pp. 853–858, 2000, doi: 10.1038/35002501.
[106]
R. P. Cincotta, J. Wisnewski, and R. Engelman, ‘Human Population in Biodiversity Hotspots’, Nature, vol. 404, no. 6781, pp. 990–992, 2000, doi: 10.1038/35010105.
[107]
W. J. Ripple and R. L. Beschta, ‘Trophic Cascades in Yellowstone: The First 15years After Wolf Reintroduction’, Biological Conservation, vol. 145, no. 1, pp. 205–213, 2012, doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2011.11.005.
[108]
A. Puttock, ‘Eurasian Beaver Activity Increases Water Storage, Attenuates Flow and Mitigates Diffuse Pollution From Intensively-Managed Grasslands’, Science of The Total Environment, vol. 576, pp. 430–443, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.122.
[109]
‘Scottish Beavers’. [Online]. Available: http://www.scottishbeavers.org.uk/
[110]
‘Keystone Species | Wikipedia’. [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keystone_species
[111]
N. Rooney and K. S. McCann, ‘Integrating Food Web Diversity, Structure and Stability’, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 40–46, 2012, doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2011.09.001.
[112]
B. C. McMeans, ‘Food Web Structure in Temporally-Forced Ecosystems’, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol. 30, no. 11, pp. 662–672, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2015.09.001.
[113]
P. David, ‘Impacts of Invasive Species on Food Webs: A Review of Empirical Data’, in Networks of Invasion: A Synthesis of Concepts, vol. volume fifty six, D. A. Bohan, A. J. Dumbrell, and F. Massol, Eds. Oxford: Academic Press, 2017 [Online]. Available: https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.ezproxy01.rhul.ac.uk/lib/rhul/detail.action?docID=4790270
[114]
G. Woodward, ‘Body Size in Ecological Networks’, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol. 20, no. 7, pp. 402–409, 2005, doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2005.04.005.
[115]
W. H. Van der Putten, L. E. M. Vet, J. A. Harvey, and F. L. Wäckers, ‘Linking Above- and Belowground Multitrophic Interactions of Plants, Herbivores, Pathogens, and Their Antagonists’, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol. 16, no. 10, pp. 547–554, 2001, doi: 10.1016/S0169-5347(01)02265-0.
[116]
T. Morris and M. Letnic, ‘Removal of an Apex Predator Initiates a Trophic Cascade That Extends From Herbivores to Vegetation and the Soil Nutrient Pool’, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol. 284, no. 1854, 2017, doi: 10.1098/rspb.2017.0111.
[117]
T. M. Knight and M. W. McCoy, ‘Trophic Cascades Across Ecosystems’, Nature, vol. 437, no. 7060, pp. 880–883, 2005, doi: 10.1038/nature03962.
